Project Management Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN), Its Accomplishments, Constraints, and Current Reform In Relation To Project Management in the Nigerian Power Sector

Official Summary This exploration work is intended to research vitality industry in Nigeria, especially the Power Holding Company of Nigeria’s dealings as far as task the board. Basically, the investigation will concentrate on an assortment of issues relating the company’s achievements, requirements, and current changes in the force industry.Advertising We will compose a custom proposition test on Project Management: Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN), Its Accomplishments, Constraints, and Current Reform In Relation To Project Management in the Nigerian Power Sector explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The examination will be named â€Å"Project Management: Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN), Its Accomplishments, Constraints and Current Reform In Relation To Project Management in The Nigerian Power Sector†. It is of discovering how venture the board has been led, challenges included, and in the end victories accomplished. The goal of t he examination will be to feature the significance of PHCN, its accomplishments since development, research the development or decay the force area, explore difficulties confronted, and study the ebb and flow changes being attempted, just as their advantages. Pertinent information for this examination theme will be sourced from various sources both essential and auxiliary sources. A graphic technique for study will be utilized for this examination. Surveys will be given to the staff in the association, where 210 individuals will take part. An example of 140 will be drawn from this populace. Chi-square test will be utilized to test the legitimacy of the speculation. Foundation The failure of the vast majority of the nations in Africa to give access to capacity to the greater part of its residents has been considered as the revile on advancement (Okoro, Chikuni 2007 p. 125). Vitality is especially vital for any nation that needs to accomplish feasible turn of events. Many created urba n communities over the world have seen those sorts of enormous developments in view of accessibility and access to vitality (Barnett Rolando, 2002, p. 177). The accessibility to various areas of the nation consistently decides the rate and level of improvement of that nation. Vitality is a vital component of changing a subsidence economy to a help situated or creation economy (Ekpo, Iyoha 2007, p.127). Vitality has immense effect on training, assembling and creation, administration wellbeing, transport, lodging and other demography. The requirement for sheltered and solid wellspring of vitality has motivated nations to build up organizations that would empower them to deliver, and disseminate vitality. One of such organizations is the Power Holding Company of Nigeria (Ekpo, Iyoha 2007, p.127).Advertising Looking for proposition on venture the board? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Lack of access to these vitality sources can c ause and increment in neediness. For example, individuals would invest a great deal of energy looking for inexpensively accessible sources like kindling and charcoal for cooking and lighting (Barnett Rolando, 2002, p. 177). These reason so much discharge consequently not inviting for the earth. Moreover, modest sources can cause wellbeing dangers for example utilization of paraffin and coal, as they require incredibly enormous ventilation to consume. The best vitality elective has been power as it is spotless and astoundingly effective. Its improvement in Nigeria returns to the late nineteenth century. During that time, in 1898, the principal power creating organization was worked in Lagos. As indicated by Okoro and Chikuni (2007), â€Å"Distribution of intensity was somewhat poor until 1950s since, the example of power lines was a couple of individual power endeavors dissipated across urban centres† (p.125). Not many of those endeavors were open works divisions, and civil co mmittees (Ekpo, Iyoha 2007, p.127). The force Holding organization of Nigeria (PHCN) saves the position to create and disseminate power. The organization has an introduced limit of 4,200 MW, an objective it never comes to. At the best minutes, the organization produces 3,300 MW. Just 40% of the populace approaches power, and it deteriorates in rustic zones where just 10% of individuals approach power (Hall 2006, p. 7; Ariyo, Jerome 2004, p.5). Exploration Aims The objective of the examination will be to research the achievements, challenges and the flow changes that PHCN looked during its venture the board tries. This contextual investigation helps in seeing how the association has been performing since its beginning as far as force creation and appropriation in the nation. Explicit points of the examination incorporated the following:Advertising We will compose a custom proposition test on Project Management: Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN), Its Accomplishments, Constraints , and Current Reform In Relation To Project Management in the Nigerian Power Sector explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More To research the significance, accomplishments or the advantages of PHCN arrangement To look at the development and decay of the force creation and circulation To explore the momentum changes in the force division and suggest fitting techniques that could better in the ebb and flow power creation and conveyance Objectives The goal of the investigation was to dissect the task the executives of the PHCN in Nigeria. Different destinations of the examination will be; To consider the different systems the force segment has experienced and the achievements accomplished by every one of these systems To deciding the effect of the development and working of PHCN on the force segment in Nigeria To explore the qualities and difficulties of PHCN in all segments of PHCN Questions Significance This exploration will be enormously valuable to each division in Nig eria’s economy especially the PHCN and its administration need to build up an approach, which will guarantee proficient and successful force creation and conveyance (Ibitoye, Adenikinju 2007, p. 501). The examination will assist with featuring the difficulties that plague PHCN. The state possessed association (PHCN) will have the option to utilize this exploration to survey its productivity and methods for working so it can make alterations in its undertaking the board methodologies where fundamental. This perspective will assist chiefs with developing thoughts and answer for the said difficulties henceforth thinking of the most ideal approaches to deal with its undertakings. The investigation wants to stimulate more examination into the useful divisions of the organization by researchers thus widening research assets. Thusly, the examination will be of gigantic advantage to directors and investigates as a perspective for study and dynamic. Writing Review To have the option t o comprehend the situation of Nigeria’s power division in a commonsense setting, it is relevant to have a concise audit of the PHCN improvements to offer more understanding in the business since its commencement (Ibitoye, Adenikinju 2007, p. 501). Brief History of PHCN Decree number 24 of April 1972 shaped the National Electric Power Authority (NEPA) framed after the converging of the Niger Dam Authority and the Electricity Corporation of Nigeria (ECN) (Hall 2006, p. 7). The 2005 unbinding of NEPA prompted the development of Power Holding Company of Nigeria. NEPA had been built up to keep up productive and composed force gracefully to all aspects of the nation. Notwithstanding the issues that NEPA looked after its arrangement, the association had the option to make noteworthy improvements in the country’s financial turn of events. This saw Nigeria advance surprisingly quick into the mechanical society.Advertising Searching for proposition on venture the board? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Significance of PHCN The force creation and dissemination industry in Nigeria is under the administration of the Power Holding Company of Nigeria. The force division has seen various change imagined that has not been sufficient to build its gracefully of capacity to the individuals and still the flexibly fall underneath 40% (Okoro, Chikuni 2007 p. 125). In any case, somewhere in the range of not many benefits of PHCN have been distinguished as follows: The force holding organization of Nigeria has essentially improved the power charging framework and customers would now be able to settle their bill advantageously and by means of an a lot simpler procedure (PHCN 2004, p.1). Therefore, bank income assortment framework was acquainted with supplement the assortment of money from the PHCN counters. This program has empowered help of brief and standard settlement of the month to month power bills. This has been made conceivable by the way that clients are not, at this point required to go out of their local locations to towns to take care of power tabs (PHCN 2004, p.1). Client support has improved because of standardization of the business. There is full and precise settling of bills and the staff is increasingly persuaded to carry out their responsibility (PHCN 2004, p.1). Organization Background in Various Regimes and Achievements Supply of power initiated after development of two little creating set to illuminate Lagos. By 1951, ECN was built up by demonstration of parliament to direct the conveyance. The Niger Dams Authority (NDA) was built up after development of a hydropower station of R. Niger in 1968, to disseminate power (ESI 2004, p.18). The two bodies converged in 1972 to become NEPA. NEPA was unbundled to establish power changes to be renamed Power Holding Company of Nigeria in 2005 (Ekpo 2008, p.78). NEPA was state claimed association vertically incorporated force the executives firm. The association has the power to create, transmit, and convey power. A s an open service organization, NEPA has had the option to tap the country’s enormous water possibilities to builds power creation (Anoruo 2004, p.2). The NDA had the option to build essential dams in Nigeria including Kainji, Afam, Del

The Industries Where People Are Most Likely to Quit Their Jobs

The Industries Where People Are Most Likely to Quit Their Jobs Individuals take steps to stop their employments constantly. That doesn’t mean they do. Be that as it may, it is a typical enough hold back and a typical enough event. Turns out, in any case, it is by all accounts more typical in specific fields than in others. Here are 10 fields generally helpless to losing personnel.1. HospitalityYou give holding up a shot grouchy individuals your whole week's worth of work. Food administration representatives and individuals in the movement business work insane hours and are paid nearly nothing, which can be hard to support. Also, this industry draws youngsters enhancing their pay and frequently loses representatives to their eternity careers.2. HealthcareHigh stakes, high pressure. It’s difficult having people’s lives in your grasp. Some of the time this field can be an excessive amount to take long term.3. Genuine EstateIt’s sufficiently simple to get your permit and begin rehearsing. However, this activity is quite t roublesome as far as making real progress. Practically 50% of hopeful specialists quit in the wake of neglecting to make their first deal. Without the correct arrangement aptitudes and deals ability, it very well may be fantastically hard to stick out.4. Non-profitHard work, individual development†¦ no cash. Except if you’re in a top administration position, this can be a disappointing and unrewarding endeavor. Loads of non-benefit segment workers will in general relocate into the private area to make more money.5. Mining/loggingTalk about overwhelming, unsafe work. There’s a high danger of fatalities in this field and the income are nearly low. So when diggers or lumberjacks get a shot out, they quite often take it.6. ConstructionThis vocation decision isn't horrendously very much redressed, and can be incredibly dangerous.7. RetailMuch like the administration business, retail pulls in more youthful workers who can endure the low time-based compensation and upset ting, rigid hours. Be that as it may, not many stick around in the event that they can help it.8. Expressions and entertainmentLots of individuals have dreams to be entertainers, on-screen characters, artists, performers, and so on. In any case, the vocation is particularly testing and paid open doors are scant. Given the trouble in finding a steady profession way, heaps of craftsmen wind up finding other work.9. Exchanges/transportMany laborers who quit this field move onto better chances, considering the gifted work included. A few, notwithstanding, don’t, for example, cab drivers, truckers, cargo haulers, and so on. The work can be burdening and the compensation generally low.10. Transportation warehousing/utilitiesWith a significantly higher casualty rate than mining and logging, these laborers are at an exceptionally high hazard for work environment injury. Also, once more, the compensation is regularly barely worth the hazard.

Effective Strategies For Cross-Cultural Communication Research Paper

Compelling Strategies For Cross-Cultural Communication - Research Paper Example With the finish of fundamental and auxiliary changes, the pioneers of the new worker bunches are designated and prepared on the center initiative courses that include the consideration of resilience when managing individuals from different social foundations. The pioneers are educated on the fundamentals of correspondence, and how positive correspondence methodologies propel the laborers and ingrain great hierarchical conduct. Subsequent to doing the Integration movement, the organization bonds the workers together, addressing about their encounters and the favorable circumstances they have gained from the procedure of acquisition. With the fruition of foundational and basic advances, the pioneers of the new representative gatherings are delegated and prepared on the center administration courses that include the consideration of resilience when managing individuals from various social foundations. The pioneers are educated on the basics of correspondence, and how positive correspo ndence techniques persuade the laborers and impart great hierarchical conduct. In the wake of completing the Integration action, the organization securities the workers together, addressing about their experiences.â To quantify the effect of the results of the preparation procedure to reduce the worries of culturally diverse correspondence. In Microchip, the organization accomplishes its objectives consistently, with the outcomes mirroring a 80%achievemnt in reason satisfaction. It is apparent from the instance of Microchip that the principle answer for the troubles in correspondence is preparing.

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Showcasing - Essay Example Advertisers need to give close consideration to various parts of showcasing both in genuine and computerized promoting strategies; thusly their key duty is to build up an incorporated linkage between the mental pictures of item depicted through different showcasing procedures. In rundown, client ought to be furnished with a sensible perspective on the item through promoting, so he doesn't feel sold out while using the item just because, along these lines invalidating the chance of overpromising. 2.0 Literature Review However, this idea is not well characterized by the current writing of promoting (Cornelisson, 2003), so increasingly observational investigation is justified for concerning this significant subject. IMC is accounted for to positively affect the brand picture of the item (Reid, Luxton, and Movondo, 2005), through this method items can be promoted worldwide in insignificant money related ramifications. Another examination is of the view that promoting joins, verifiable pr oof, present turn of events and future ramifications of an item upon customer’s personal satisfaction. However, ordinary notice philosophies couldn't convey these parts of the item (Finne and Gronroos, 2009). In this way, the limited time exercises concentrated on the current advancement of the item, along these lines client couldn't relate the past, present and future with the item, this made the effect of showcasing drop before. Be that as it may, the accessibility of electronic media, for example, web spilling video innovation, gives a ground to advertisers to coordinate the multiple times of an item before clients and possibilities. IMC is likewise accepted to be exceptionally adaptable in nature and could be utilized to advertise wide scope of items and administrations. (Karma and Moffatt, 2009). Henceforth this strategy for promoting depends on the idea of featuring abstractive characteristics of the item, for example, great looks if there should be an occurrence of app arel and straightforward entry for a site. The wonder under examination is likewise intended to construct client linkages on close to home level, since notices seem unstable and extremely proceeding onward web and social destinations (Smith, 2010). In this way help in building a client base for an item. And yet the item which is publicized through IMC, must be accessible in the market, with the goal that client could be encouraged while settling on buy choice. Promoters are constrained to utilize different showcasing channels to provide food for different sorts of clients; anyway the soundness of message’s seriousness is a huge test for business experts (Zavrsnik and Jerman). IMC is immeasurably acknowledged in the promoting of inns and different administrations (Comm, Saura, and Rijeci, 2009) . This paper turns its concentration towards breaking down the well known instances of executing IMC in a certifiable setting by The See-board Energy and Ice inn AB. These associations have a place with totally different organizations, yet the pertinence of IMC could be featured by the investigation of these two battles. As a matter of first importance, this

STEM

STEM STEM Home›Economics Posts›STEM Economics PostsScience, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) fields of profession have been in the forefront in development of the America’s economy. Although this category of professionals has been facing with numerous problems, its significance cannot be down played. Recent statistics indicates that the proportion of native STEMs has been deteriorating over the past decade in comparison to the number of foreign professionals that are taking up careers in these fields. Colleges and individuals are presented with the challenge of ensuring that innovations and inventions that are associated with STEM are carried on through constant and elaborate community activities aimed at imparting the general lifestyles and at the same time conveying the importance of STEM fields to our nation.In the 21st century when the economic structures are climaxing and educational systems are at their peaks, an alien would think America is busy thinking about the next space adventure or weird scientific exploits (Babco 14). It’s true, scientists, Technologists, Engineers and Mathematicians are progressively making new discoveries and improving the already sophisticated technology, but there are problems with the workforce demanded. With every new venture there emergence dozens of new challenges, it’s for this reason that the demand a larger workforce working in this volatile field of profession has been increasing rapidly. Conversely, the number of youths interested in STEM related jobs has been decreasing. STEM based Community colleges and organization, have great challenges in ensuring that the community responds positively to the calls for vigilance and maintaining the technological prowess on track.Colleges have been adjusting their curricula to ensure that the programs they offer are aligned with the current technological requirements and at the same time they are tuned to be suited for students, both studying and aspiring to ta ke graduate programs in STEM fields. Streamlining stable pipeline for successful degree and advanced degree programs requires the colleges to involve the community organizations working in STEM related fields as well as other stakeholders while formulating new programs. Colleges are a paramount factor in the development of the economy and formulation of development policies.The community organizations on the other hand are the actuators of the economy. The Department of Labor for instance has been a robust contributor in development of the pipeline for STEM employments. It has been the pertinent responsibility of the department to train and encourage more people to join STEM workforce. With an ever increasing demand for specialized skills, Community-based Job Training Grants have been developed to aid community colleges in producing tailor-made workforce. The community at the same time has been handed the responsibility of ensuring that the targets made in the STEM pipeline are actu ally achieved. With the number of student admission in STEM colleges decreasing tremendously, the community has been challenged to encourage more youths to join STEM pipeline and help propagate the development prospects of the United States of America and the world at large (Zinth 27).Personal responsibility has not been relegated to individual goals. It is apt that individual working or venturing into STEM fields work with other parties to increase its popularity amongst their peers and the larger community. Personal interests in technology have been the core to different innovations that have been witnessed during this era. While at Illinois Institute of Technology, I believe that I can impose my influence and encourage members of my family and friends to join the STEM community. At the same time I will use the acquired skills coupled with my innovativeness to impact the current technology. With the guidance of my instructors and the motivation drawn from the STEM pipeline initiat ives, I believe that by the time I leave Illinois Institute of Technology I will have an imprint of my influence along my technological track.In conclusion, all stakeholders in STEM pipeline development should work hand in hand for the good of STEM fields of profession. STEM communities have hefty responsibilities that the successes and progresses that have been witnessed in the past are carried on. It is also the mandated of the community organizations to offset the current imbalances especially the representation of women, Hispanic-American, Native-American and African-American in STEM fields. Individual on the other hand should use their abilities and influences for the good of STEM pipeline.

Epigram Examples

Epigram Examples Epigram An epigram is a brief, witty statement about a topic. It is often satirical (containing verbal irony) and memorable for the surprising way in which it addresses a subject. Epigrams are sometimes used in poetry, as well as in everyday speech. The definition of epigram is very broad, and one person might see something as an epigram when another does not consider it to be. Examples of Epigram: Mankind must put an end to war, or war will put an end to mankind." JFK "Little strokes fell great oaks." Benjamin Franklin "An unbending tree is easily broken." Lao Tzu "Another golden rule is: don't lose your cool." Yogi Bear "I wanted to be the first woman to burn her bra, but it would have taken the fire department four days to put it out." Dolly Parton "I can resist everything but temptation." Oscar Wilde "There is only one thing in the world that is worse than being talked about, and that is not being talked about." Oscar Wilde "The best thing to hold on to in life is each other." Audrey Hepburn "Of all my verse, like not a single line; But like my title, for it is not mine. That title from a better man I stole: Ah, how much better, had I stol'n the whole." Robert Louis Stevenson A man said to the universe: "Sir, I exist!" "However," replied the universe, "The fact has not created in me A sense of obligation."Stephen Crane

Leadership as a Human Quality - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1934 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Introduction Leadership can be defined as the process of achieving a set goal through the use of human direction in achieving this (Prentice, 1961). A successful leader is the one who considers both the managerial members together with the minor stakeholders in achieving the goals set by the institution. Employees mainly prefer a democratic leadership whereby they are allowed to express themselves to the managerial team and can be effectively listened to (Prentice, 1961).). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Leadership as a Human Quality" essay for you Create order Leadership is well explained by theories which includes leader-member exchange theory of leadership, transactional leadership, transformational leadership, charismatic leadership including many others. Each of this theories applies its own managerial principles which are totally different from others. Leadership plays an important role in the pursuit of achieving the set goals that are set by the organization. Both the managerial team and the junior workers plays an important role in the process of leading the organization to achieving the set goals. It is described as one of the most multifaceted and complex phenomena which has been applied by the psychological as well as organizational research (Burns, 1978). Leadership can be examined in terms of set of styles of leadership that are being employed in the leadership process, presumed cognitive processes as well as the terms of enduring traits. In present world, employees have become much educated and more skilled than before. There is need for involving them in decision making process since they have the required knowledge, both managerial and also technical and thus their involvement in decision making is much important and can much influence achieving of the set goals. The process of involving employees in the sharing of duties and also making decisions concerning the organization can be used as a motivation process in today’s world. This makes the employees feel being part of the management team and thus they commit all their skills to the organization which makes it to achieve its set objects. Leader-member exchange theory of leadership This is the most appropriate leadership theory in our present world as both the leaders and the workers are involved in the decision making concerning the organization. The relationship between the managers and the employees is a key factor that influences the success of the organization (Bass, 1990). The managers are referred to as the leaders while the employees are the followers. As we know, employees have different levels of capabilities as well as commitment to the duties that are being assigned to them. Leaders always will tend to have a good and close relationship with employees who seems to be committed to their duties and to those that are delivering exactly what is expected of them without having to be forced or closely supervised as they undertake their duties (Higgs, 2003). Depending on the commitment of the employees to the organization, leaders can classify their followers into two categories that includes the in-group followers and the out-group followers (Graen Cashman, 1975). The in-group members are mainly those employees that are loyal, trustworthy, committed to their duties and those that are well skilled with high capability of handling the duties that are assigned to them (Fiedler, 1964). Leaders will always tend to be close to such employees. The manager trust much the members of this group (King, 1990). Managers always have high attention to this group of employees, they even offer opportunities for additional training, they always providing challenging but interesting duties to them, and the managers always create a lot of time with this group (Fiedler, 1964). Modern means of management are computerized to reduce manpower cost and also to increase efficient. Managers will like to have employees who are personal driven and those who need li ttle attention in order to carry out their duties. Managers will tend to avoid employees who are incompetent, low capacity to carry out their duties, those who are lazy, those who are very sensitive to work closing hours and those who cannot sacrifice their resources for the sake of the organization. The out-group members are mainly made up of the followers who betrays the trust of the manager to them or those that have already proved that they are lacking motivation or they are incompetent (Bass, 1990). The group work assigned to these employees is less challenging and high restricted as compared to that which is assigned to the in-group members (Lewin et al., 1939). They tend to have limited access to the managers and also the chances for advancement are also limited. This group also needs keen monitoring as they undertake their duties since they are not motivated enough to be self-driven. The presence management system does not favor this group of employees as they need keen monitoring as they undertake their duties. The outgroup members may start to dislike and distrust their employees as they may not be in peace with them due to their unpleasing behaviors of handling duties. The members of this group may be forced to change department or even organization because once the leaders know that you are incompetent in the way that you handle your duties, it may be hard for one to prove it wrong to the employer. Leaders need to classify the employees in this two groups before they start working with them so as to make the management activities easier. Role making process is process that is functionally dependent on both the employees and employers. Leaders and followers have to agree on how the leadership process would be done so as to make sure that a good and conducive management process exist between the employer and the employee (King, 1990). Any role making process can be used in the process of describing the development of both relationship norms as well as interlocked behavior between each of their members (Graen Cashman, 1975). The early stage interactions between the leaders and followers can determine the likely nature of the emergent leadership structure. Majority of the employees will be members of outgroup and the only selected members will belong to in-group. Some subordinate managers may even belong to the outgroup members according to the level in which they commit themselves to the managerial duties of the organization. Generally, outgroup members receive lower performance ratings and face many problems with their supervisors as compared to the members of the in-group (Graen Cashman, 1975). In-group members majorly have strong ties with their employers as compared to those that exist between the employers and outgroup. Ideas given by the members of in-group to the leaders are more valued than those given to the employers by the members of out-group as they are seen to be incompetent and of low knowledge and capability. Leaders will prefer in-group employees to out-group employees so as to reduce the increased managerial task that the outgroup members may demand from the managers. This theory explains well how the present world can be well placed with this leadership theory. Research supporting leader-member exchange theory In the process of describing this theory, two important assumptions are made. The first assumption is that some interlocked behaviors has to be shaped and this started early back in the history of this theory (Higgs, 2003). The second assumption was that some relationship between leader and follower has to be developed carefully over an extended period of time (Higgs, 2003). The two participants have to gain mutual trust between one another. The study that was carried out in the approval of this theory involved sixty managers who were undergoing complete reorganization (King, 1990). Almost 90 percent of the reporting relationships had at least one new member as almost 50 percent of the managers were in new positions and one third of the managers were in new organization (Lewin et al., 1939). The theory of leader-member exchange was studied for a period of more than one month. The results that were obtained from this formed a consistency network of reliable relationships (King, 1990). Routine is done by leaders by developing an in-group exchange with only selected few members and also out-group with the rest of the group members. The in-group members receive more unit involvement activities and also greater positional resources from the employers as compared to the one received by the out group members (Burns, 1978). It was then observed that leaders of managerial units responded with manners which in one way or another served to differentiate their unit during times when faced with the task of new working relationships with the majority of the members that they lead (Burns, 1978). Leaders attempted to form special interaction groups with some of the subordinate managers and this transcended the formal employment contract. How race, gender and power can influence the effectiveness of leader-member theory Race plays a major impact on the effectiveness of the leadership. In many cases especially a white man, white people are considered more special than the black people and thus this is a form of discrimination. Race leads to the creation of respect between the leaders and followers and this plays an important role in how the relationship between the leader and the followers is created (Higgs, 2003). The fact that people of different races may not know each other well will mean that respect between the two individuals will exist. This then leads to the achievement of the set goals since both the leader and the follower will play his or her role effectively with due respect. However, in cases where there is racial discrimination between the leader and employees, a good relationship is likely not to develop and thus the effectiveness of leader-member exchange theory may be reduced (Fiedler, 1964). Leader-member exchange theory relies much on the relationship of the leader and follower an d thus for the effectiveness of this theory, a good relationship between the leader and follower is very important. Leadership power is very important in the process of making this theory to be effective. In this theory, the leaders need to effectively use their powers well since the theory encourages a good relationship between the leader and follower, some of the followers, especially members of in-group may decide to use that close relationship with the leader for their personal gains (French Raven, 1959). This will make leadership effective and thus there is need for the leaders of keep their level of interaction with the employees with a gap so as to make sure that effective leadership is maintained. Too much good relationship between the leaders and the followers may lead to lack of respect between the two stakeholders and this may lower the effectiveness of this theory (Bass, 1985). Gender plays also an important role in making this theory effective. Men are good in employing this leadership theory. Gender plays an important part of leadership. There should be no sexual discrimination in the place of work as this will make the theory less effective. This theory, when properly employed can lead to the organization achieving all of its set goals in an easier way.   The relationship between the leader and the follower is much important and needs to be well maintained. Conclusion Leadership plays an important role in the pursuit of the organization to achieve its set objectives. A good relationship between the managers and the junior staff is very important as this will make the employees to be committed to their duties so as to achieve the success of the company. The process of involving employees in the decision making makes them feel to be valued and part of the organization which then makes them to commit themselves to the organization activities thus achieving the goals of the company. Leader-member exchange theory is a reliable leadership theory that can lead the company to achieving great in its management and also set goals.